NDUBI MVULA, Lusaka.
FROM the wine tourism scheduled for Argentina this month, a walk down memory
lane looks ideal to just focus on the almost forgotten treasure this country
and cherishes day in, day out.
This is freedom and peace. Freedom from the colonial York or bondage and
peace to govern and manage national affairs without any hindrance. This did not
come freely but at high cost as some individuals collectively and as a group
sacrificed their lives.
Therefore, this week, in the journey to explore tourism beyond the Victoria
Falls. the focus is on one Zambian whose image today stands firm and solid as a
symbol of freedom at the Freedom Statue.
Born in 1936 in Mbala, Mutembo and his twin brother, Arnold, got involved in
the political struggle against the colonialists in Northern Province at the age
of 18 in 1954.
They dropped out of school after their father's death and joined the
political struggle led by Robert Makasa and Simon Mwansa Kapwepwe.
In 1957, having already made his impact in Northern Province, suffering
imprisonment and beatings in the process, Mutembo, along with seven others were
sent to Kenya where Dedan Kimathi was leading a rebellion against the colonial
rulers. Their mission was to learn how to carry out their own rebellion back home
and upon return, Mutembo worked closely with
Kaunda and Kapwepwe, following them on their campaign trail.
Before Kaunda and others would speak, Mutembo would go on stage first to
tell the crowds how bad the colonial government was hence the importance to
fight for independence.
On October 24, 1958 at Kaunda's house number 394 in Chilenje, the young
freedom fighter got his pet name
"Zanco" and it was also
here that the unborn nation was christened. The meeting named the anticipated
‘new’ nation. Kaunda and Kapwepwe proposed the name "Zambia" over
"Zambezia" as they had been chanting, "Zambia, Zambia!" It
sounded very nice and they all started dancing like little children.
The motto “One Zambia, One Nation" was also coined at the same meeting
which also marked the birth of the Zambia Africa National Congress (ZANC).
Early 1960s, Kaunda wrote a letter to the governor, Sir Arthur Benson, to
protest against a clause in the constitution that gave Europeans an upper hand
in the legislature. Mutembo took up the task to deliver the letter to
Government House (now State House).
"I have a message from President Kaunda," he announced when he met
the governor. On his way out, however, he was arrested and tortured. At about
15:00 hours that day, he was taken to Kaunda's office in Chilenje where he was
celebrated as a hero.
About 03:00 hours the following day, Mutembo was taken to Cairo Road where
he climbed a tree with a megaphone to denounce the new constitution. At 06:00
hours, he started proclaiming his message, but was soon surrounded by police
who threatened to shoot him if he did not get down. He was arrested.
Today, the tree still stands opposite the Main Post Office and later came to
be known as "Zanco Tree ".
Mutembo appeared in court after having been involved in a political brawl in
Matero. He had been badly beaten in the fight and lost two of his front teeth,
a mark he still bears. When the judge asked him to demonstrate to the court how
he had been beaten, the young freedom fighter walked across the courtroom from
the witness box and, reaching where one of the prosecutors - a white man - was
standing, and punched him in the face, giving him a bloody nose.
His action was a blatant show of rebellion in the face of the colonial
government. At the end of the trial, he was sentenced to 10 years in prison
plus four lashes for punching the prosecutor. He was sent to Livingstone State
Prison where he was held in chains.
While in prison, Mutembo was forced to witness executions of three black men
accused of murdering a white man.
Kaunda visited Mutembo and negotiated his transfer to another cell. He was
transferred to Mukobeko Maximum Prison in Kabwe.
On December 31, 1963 - with independence now imminent - Sir Evelyn Hone, the
last governor for Northern Rhodesia, asked Kaunda for a symbol the new nation
would be known by. Would it be the Victoria Falls or perhaps the Muchinga
Escapement, or any other natural resource. Kaunda, however, had other ideas.
Kaunda and the United National Independence Party (UNIP) leadership had chosen
Mutembo to be the symbol of the new nation.
Later that day, Mutembo drove with Sir Evelyn Hone in his official vehicle
with a mounted police escort down King George Avenue (now Independence Avenue )
to Police Force Headquarters.
At Force Headquarters, after being interviewed, he was taken to a room where
18 military officers stood with guns at ready. He was then handcuffed to a
chain and ordered to break free or get shot.
Shockingly, he pulled so hard and broke the chains in full view of soldiers
and photographers who took photos of what seemed like magical power. It was
from these photos that the Freedom Statue would be crafted by casting experts.
The governor, Sir Evelyn Hone, raised his hands and announced, "You are
now the symbol of the nation."
At the end of the ceremony, Mutembo was made to swear on the Bible and drove
with the governor to his residence where he stayed for four days.
On 5 January 1964, Mutembo was taken to a house about two kilometers from
Government House where he stayed for the next few months with white police
officers guarding him and was given people to prepare his food. The house is at
6 Nalikwanda Road in Woodlands. It is now private property which has been
converted into a pre-school.
Mutembo was also given an official vehicle - a Land Rover station wagon –
bearing the initials of his status "SNNRG" (symbol of the nation
Northern Rhodesia Government) and a Union Jack.
In March 1964, he was summoned to Government House by Sir Evelyn to go on a
trip with him to Abercorn, now Mbala where he was given a piece of land as a
token in recognition of his status. The five-hectare plot sits in an area which
saw the last combat of the Second World War. Mutembo stayed in Mbala until
October 17, 1964, when the colonial government sent a plane to bring him back
to Lusaka and it was on the plane that Mutembo had his first glimpse of the Zambian
flag.
A week later, Zambia got its independence on 24 October 1964. On that day,
Mutembo stood a few metres from Kaunda and Queen Elizabeth II.
After the ceremony, Sir Evelyn Hone handed Mutembo over to Kaunda as the
symbol of the nation.
A statue was made depicting the scenario when Mutembo broke the chains in
1963. On October 23, 1974, during the celebrations of the 10th Anniversary of
Zambia’s independence, the Freedom Statue was unveiled and became a symbol of
Zambia's freedom from the British colonial regime, and has earned its place on
some of the country's most important articles, including its currency. The
statue is a reminder of Zambia's fight for freedom. It is displayed at the
Government Complex along Independence Avenue in Lusaka.
It is at this statue where the laying of wreaths takes place every
Independence Day in memory of the fore-fathers who died during the struggle.
Story Courtesy of Bismark RT.